Edward Snowden An American Hero - 691 Words

Edward Snowden, the former National Security Agency (N.S.A) subcontractor turned whistle-blower is nothing short of a hero. His controversial decision to release information detailing the highly illegal ‘data mining’ practices of the N.S.A have caused shockwaves throughout the world and have raised important questions concerning how much the government actually monitors its people without their consent or knowledge. Comparable to Mark Felt in the Watergate scandals, Daniel Ellsberg with the Pentagon Papers, Edward Snowden joins the rank of infamous whistleblowers who gave up their jobs, livelihood, and forever will live under scrutiny of the public all in the service to the American people. Edward Snowden released information detailing the†¦show more content†¦Critics of Edward Snowden label him a traitor and a coward. They condemn him for irreparably harming government security operations and setting of a worldwide chain of events that weakened the American pos ition on the world stage. While America now has blight on its records due to the leaks, the topic that should be addressed is should the whistle-blower, the man who uncovered and exposed the questionable and wrong activities, be blamed or should those who allowed the illegal and immoral activities be held accountable for what they started. Edward Snowden had the justification and conviction to do the correct thing and present the incriminating evidence straight to the public. When one takes in consideration everything that Snowden has lost because of his decision, there was little gain for him to make the immoral activities public. Snowden’s crime is breaching the trust of his government contract to expose egregious monitoring by the government on the American public. In an interview conducted by the Washington Post, Snowden speaks out about his goal in releasing the files: â€Å"All I wanted was for the public to be able to have a say in how they are governed,† Due to intense public scrutiny, N.S.A’s practices are coming under fire from both the Obama Administration and Federal Courts. In a statement made by Judge Richard J. Leon of the United States District Courts, the phone surveillance system was condemned December 16, 2013: â€Å"The governmentShow MoreRelatedArgumentative Essay On Edward Snowden882 Words   |  4 Pages Edward Snowden is considered by many to be a criminal, but there are others who firmly believe that Edward Snowden is a patriot, and rightfully so Edward Snowden is a hero to the American people and many abroad. The United States government has the responsibility to serve, protect and aid the American people, but sometimes the government and some of its classified documents every now and then get published and criticized. Edward Snowden had worked for multiple government agencies such as the CIARead MoreEdward Snowden and the NSA Leaks Essay1727 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿Edward Snowden and the NSA Leaks Part 1: Objective Summary On June 6th of 2013 The Guardian reported on a classified U.S. surveillance network called PRISM. This information was given to them by former Booz Allen Hamilton employee Edward Snowden. Snowden obtained this information by secretly gathering files and documents regarding the program and others while working for the government contracted Booz Allen Hamilton in Hawaii. On May 20 2013, Snowden had traveled to Hong Kong to meet with GlennRead MoreAnalysis Of The Documentary Citizenfour An Hbo Documentary, Directed By Laura Poitras1109 Words   |  5 Pagesinvasion of privacy has been among the American population, ever since rumors of government spying after the events of 9/11. The NSA or National Security Agency denied accusations of spying on Americans for years. It was’t until 2013 when ex-NSA worker, Edward Snowden, released secret information entailing the real activities of the NSA, involving access to virtually any American’s private life. In Citizenfour, an HBO documentary, directed by Laura Poitras, Edward Snowden contacts Laura under code name,Read MoreEthics of Edward Snowden Essay1006 Words   |  5 Pageswrong. For example Edward Snowden, a 30 year old man was born in North Carolina in 1983 (Edward snowden.biography, 2013, para. 1). Edward Snowden was a security guard that worked for the National Security Agency (NSA) , after three months Edward Snowden started to collect NSA files and fled to Hong Kong and leaked the files. China started to print out report of the files that Edward Snowden has leaked to China about the NSA spying on U.S citizens. The reason that Edward Snowden left the United StatesRead MoreEssay Edward Snowden: Traitor or Whistleblower880 Words   |  4 PagesEdward Snowden. This is a name that will be in the history books for ages. He will be branded a traitor or a whistleblower depending on where you look. Many Americans feel that Edward Snowden is a traitor who sold the United States’ secrets aiming to harm the nation. Others believe that he was simply a citizen of the United States who exercised his right to expose the government for their unconstitutional actions. It is important to not only know the two sides to the argument of friend or foeRead MoreThis Report Purpose Is To Provide A Point Of View About1352 Words   |  6 Pagescriminal charges against Edwa rd Snowden, a former CIA (Central Intelligence Agency) employee, a former contractor for the United States government, he copied and leaked classified information from the NSA organization without permissions in 2013. Snowden was charged with three different felonies on June 2013, as he stole a governmental property unauthorized communication of national defense information. The following number of lines could provide a detailed explanation for why Snowden was charged with theseRead MoreHolding Out For A Hero867 Words   |  4 PagesHolding Out For a Hero The article, â€Å"Why Edward Snowden is a Hero,† penned by John Cassidy, seeks to illuminate the actions of Edward Snowden. As an international controversial figure, Snowden is responsible for leaking enormous amounts of classified information regarding the National Security Agency (N.S.A.). Cassidy contends the data Snowden disclosed to the public revealed that the government actively, knowingly, and deliberately trampled upon the liberties of the American people, by spyingRead MoreEdward Snowden: Hero or Traitor?1053 Words   |  5 PagesSeptember 11th, Americans looked to the government for protection and reassurance. However, they did not expect to find out thirteen years later that the government did this by using technology to spy on Americans, as well as other countries. George W. Bush began the policy shortly after the terrorist attack and Barack Obama continued it. There have been many confrontations over the years about the extent of the N.S.A.’s spying; however, the most recent whistle-blower, Edward Snowden, leaked informationRead MoreWhy Snowden Is A Traitor And Not A Hero1256 Words   |  6 PagesEdward Joseph Snowden, former CIA employee, is a cyber-security specialist and an American hacktivist. In 2013, he leaked classified information from the U.S. National Security Agency (NSA), which revealed numerous global surveillance programs. His actions labeled him as a criminal by American government and as a hero or whistleblower by privacy activists. Snowden soon became a subject of controversy because the information he leaked fueled many debates in regards to government surveillance and theRead MoreIt is reasonable to argue that, governmental institutions or people with authority are subject to600 Words   |  3 Pagesconstitutional rights. Over the last year, Edward Snowden, has made headline news for leaking sensitive governmental information to the press. Edward Snowden is a 29-year-old high school drop-out, who wa s a tech specialist for the National Security Association. Snowden had discovered and later exposed the NSA for monitoring the nations e-mails, phone calls, and internet searches. As the allegations spread like wild fire, Edward Snowden sought asylum in Russia for one year. Snowden had a valid and justifiable reason

Visual analysis of an advertisement Free Essay Example, 1750 words

The visual targets a wide audience coverage to make its message effective in evoking action. The visual seeks to create awareness to their target audience that the victims of child trafficking and prostitution are also victims of sexual assault, abuse, and exploitation. Presenting a complete, clearer picture like this campaign visual serves to motivate the audience to take action to end child prostitution. It makes the audience find the matter critical and treat it as an issue of immediate priority. Audience Characteristics It is prudent for a campaign visual to have a target audience since an audience it necessary for the creation of awareness and spreading the message to a wide audience coverage. This image is intended for people who are above the age of 18 years and understand the basis of child prostitution. The message targets people in the society who realize the circumstances and the effects of abusing young children. The viewers of this image could be people who can understand the image and its implications, even without the words used to accompany it. These are people who are interested in the plight of children in the society and those who have the interest in the social issues of the world (Burt & Strongman, 2005). We will write a custom essay sample on Visual analysis of an advertisement or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now Such people are valuable in this campaign as they might want to help any child who is caught up in such a situation and may also contribute to creating awareness in the society. The campaign also targets specifically people who have children of their own or people who have suffered child prostitution before. Such people comprehend the importance of this campaign since such problems in the society affect them directly. It is emotionally and psychologically distressing to imagine one’s child in such an unhappy and drained state as a result of sexual exploitation. Furthermore, people who have been abused before may not wish to see the same thing happen to other innocent children. The feeling of having one’s childhood and innocence taken away by old men can trigger the target audience to join the campaign to help victims of child prostitution. The image is also intended for people who work with children. When viewing this image, what comes into their minds is the effects that this type of abuse may have on the affected children in the long run for having been robbed of the freedom to be carefree and cheerful (Gross, 2010). Ethos This image has high credibility, especially since Barnardo as a source of the campaign has high credibility on issues of sexual abuse and child prostitution.

Balancing Marriage and Ministry - 2289 Words

| Marriage and Ministry | | | Tanja Martin | 12/10/2012 | Liberty University | Abstract Marriage can be a rewarding, blissful and fulfilling part of life. But, it can also be difficult, challenging and strained when ministry is incorporated if not properly balanced. When God calls a person to the ministry, He calls them to minister to His people without respect to gender. He invented both marriage and ministry and He knows that they are able to co-exist. The problem is people not incorporating His divine plan, not relying on His leading and not having balance. As women, many perceive the balancing of marriage and ministry to be an expected duty that should always succeed. Its failure or success is solely viewed†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"Evangelicals today are divided into two clearly defined groups: those who believe that all facets of ministry ought to be open to women (egalitarians) and those who are convinced that women can properly serve only in supportive roles (complementarians)†. (Grenz, 1995) (pg. 19) . As a result of these contrasting views, women are either wholly accepted or accepted with limitations and only in supportive roles. Often, women were forbidden to even speak in the church. This precept has been erroneously supported by one particular verse of scripture in the Bible. When Paul addressed a conflicting situation in the church, he sought to resolve confusion with a verse in the Bible. He said, â€Å"Let your women keep silence in the churches: for it is not permitted unto them to speak; but they are commanded to be under obedience, as also saith the law†. (1 Corinthians 14:34, KJV). This misunderstood verse has prompted many religious organizations to forbid women to teach, speak or minister in any capacity. Walter Elwell sums this well when he stated, â€Å"The reason that women rather than men are mentioned here may be due to the fact that in Corinth women were the primary disturbers†. (Elwell, 2001) (pg.1284). It was a matter of order being practiced in the church not a preeminence of male authority over women as many believed. Unfortunately, this position has been passed d own through many generations andShow MoreRelatedThe Leadership Position Of Youth Pastor1713 Words   |  7 Pageshome. I really liked how she identified the three major barriers to god bearing youth ministry. I found it beneficial that she signaled these out so that a person can be aware and ready if they start to fall into one of these categories. I can already notice how I might fit into these three categories of being a fixer, controller, or of having the need to be liked. Knowing these before I actually start in ministry is already helping me in addressing the issue. I can already see how I would be a â€Å"fixerRead MoreAnnotated Bibliography On Global Mobility Of Latin America And The United States1316 Words   |  6 PagesArgentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Mexico, Peru, and Venezuela. Immigration laws differ from country to country. Although the specific names for the visas and the requirements differ, there are common patterns and trends - especially for countries balancing the interest of engaging in global commerce against protecting local labor markets and national security. Treaties and bi-lateral agreements often give special privileges to citizens from specific countries (e.g., benefits for citizens of CanadaRead MoreThe On The Gender Machinery1638 Words   |  7 PagesThe Gender machinery In response to some of the described situational GBV’s, the Ministry of Social Welfare, Gender and Children’s Affairs, is the countries national body for social welfare, gender and children’s rights for Sierra Leone. In 2007, 30 women’s rights organisations joined a demonstration against GBV. The national committee is made up of government institutions, UN agencies both national and international organisation and are against GBV. There are also established regional GBV committeesRead MoreTaking a Look at Women and Leadership1255 Words   |  5 Pagesand are found in both non-secular and secular employment. I have had the opportunity to work in both. Non-secular employment or religious employment has limited women in their vocational roles and were not allowed to excel in certain levels of ministry. They were allowed to serve only in national boards, as council delegates, as missionaries, and within local church activities. They were not allowed to speak or teach publicly where such speaking usurped the authority of men. It took many yearsRead MoreThe Problem Of Adolescent Parenthood Essay1605 Words   |  7 Pagesto happen. Some challenges that both of these young teens may face that can affect their coping and dealing with this situation are factors such as stigma, balancing education, social and family relationships, their relationship with each other, discrimination, the over dramatization of teen pregnancy in the media, social exclusion, balancing education and the acceptance of Ashley’s parents to keep the baby and of her relationship with Ben. One thing that I strongly disagree with and very shockingRead MoreS ingle Parents in Singapore1164 Words   |  5 PagesMinister Dr Vivian Balakrishnan highlighted four main trends among families in Singapore. The first issue he pointed out was the rising divorce rate that has doubled over the past 20 years and concluded that this is the most utmost concern of the ministry. Yet in Singapore poor single parent families have to compete with other vulnerable groups for means-tested social assistance, as there are no social security policies that are aimed towards poor single parents. In fact, single parent families areRead MoreAn Obligation On Self Care1969 Words   |  8 Pagesmeans balancing a concern for others with a concern for one’s own well-being...† A similar view is held by Eileen Scully who believes that the challenge to be well is rooted in the sacramental promise of communion and baptism. As the Body of Christ is called to completeness, so pastors are called to a new way of life which was fashioned, well-ordered and blessed by God and acquired for us through our Lord Jesus Christ. â€Å"Just as the church has come to express a theology of ordained ministry thatRead MorePastoral Reflection paper1611 Words   |  7 Pageswere being counseled, but from me, because I never had any formal training. Different life situations have caused me to receive counseling, but that was the extent of my counseling experience. After seeing God use me, an unqualified servant help marriages be restored, I felt the call to return to school to obtain a formal education in Pastoral Counseling. I will share how it all came about, what I have learned and what I expect the Lord to do through this formal training from taking PACO 500 Introduct ionRead MoreThe Revolutionary Policies of Henry VIII Essay1242 Words   |  5 PagesCromwell reorganised the government, the Church and the map of Wales, replacing the Principality and the Earldom of March with Standard English counties. His downfall was Henrys marriage to Anne of Cleves in 1540, arranged in hopes of allying England with German Protestant princes. Henry had the marriage annulled on the grounds of non-consummation, then had Cromwell executed as a heretic. Henry VIII, who had indulged in endless diplomatic squabbles and foreign wars, left noRead MoreKore The Miracle Of The Han River2734 Words   |  11 Pages2002 FIFA World Cup with Japan, and will host the Pyungchang Winter Olympics in 2018. Korea is famous for IT industries in global markets. Recently, Korean wave (Hanryu) for Korean dramas, movies, and music has been attracting worldwide audiences. (Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism, 2015) Korean social structure is arranged vertically and based on Confucianism. Koreans are affected in human relationship by the basic moral rules implied by Confucianism. There are two types of â€Å"Jeong† and â€Å"Han†

Personal Statement Essay - 844 Words

When I first started training to be a nurse, my most compelling reason for peruse in the career was to care for the sick. Now that I am approaching the end of my three years of training my rationale has changed, I now want to empower patients in regards to their own health, supporting families in need, care for the ‘sick’ child and make a difference amongst as many people as I can. I have worked with a myriad of nurses (senior and junior alike) whilst training, many of whom have inspired me and I aspire to be like them if not better. They have given me a willingness to reach out to others. I have been told numerous of times that I work well within a team and I have the ability to recognise if a college requires help or support.†¦show more content†¦I have always adhered to the NMC (Nursing Midwifery Council) and will continue to do so. Respecting confidentially, dignity, autonomy at all times. My time as a student nurse has not been plain sailing with a number of personal issues arising which affected my learning. My mother died, my daughter was born premature needing heart surgery and I moved home. All of these things were life changing events which caused me a lot of stress but I still kept my desire to stay on and complete my course, if anything the loss of my mother has increased my desire to care for and help those that require it. I believe my desire and motivation say a lot about my strength of character. I am truly motivated and very hard working completing all tasks to the best of my ability but I am also open to criticism and change. I am aware of areas of improvement and development such as independent decision making, delegation and fluid documentation and will conscientiously work on these. I am a mother of five and this may be my biggest asset to date. I have been able to utilise a lot of the skills needed as a mother to enhance my relationship and ability to communicate with the families. I have the ability to empathise with and build relationships with struggling families, alleviate fears in the anxious parent, and talk to the non-compliant teenager all of which requires me to gain their trust. I often thinkShow MoreRelatedPersonal Statement On Personal Responsibility850 Words   |  4 PagesPersonal responsibility is holding you accountable for all your actions and decisions. Being personally responsible means you take ownership of what you do in and with your life. This means from the time you wake up until you go to bed at night, your life is your responsibility and yours alone. Your values, morals, and beliefs are all contributing factors in how you view being personally responsible. If you have been raised and taught to believe that you should consider your act ions at all timesRead MoreJet Personal Statement Of Purpose Essay1329 Words   |  6 Pages JET Personal Statement of Purpose (SoP) Advice The Statement of Purpose is the part of the application which likely plays a huge part in any success. Take your time crafting the best Personal Statement you can. Your SoP should elaborate on the strengths you ve brought up in your application, and should refer to the traits JET is looking for. Provide brief anecdotes about experiences you ve listed in the application. Show some personality, give the interviewers a reason to remember you. Also, haveRead MorePersonal Statement : My Mission Statement1781 Words   |  8 Pagesthe Paper A personal mission statement is a philosophy or creed that one plans to follow in daily life. It is usually designed with positivity, purpose, and with personal goals for every aspect of life such as career, finances, etc. It also focuses on personality traits that one would like to possess and the accomplishments that one wants to achieve, both short-term and long term. It also houses the individuality of the person writing it. Every person writing a personal mission statement is will produceRead MorePersonal Statement : Personal Finance1607 Words   |  7 PagesPersonal Finance Personal finance decision is a very important decision as it involves management of day-to-day finances of an individual or his family. Personal finance includes not only obtaining, budgeting, saving, and spending monetary resources over time but also taking into account various financial risks and future life events. It includes all activities which an individual is concerned about like investment, insurance, tax, debt servicing, mortgages etc. Financial planning involves analysingRead MorePersonal Statement On Personal Finance1724 Words   |  7 Pages Knowledge about personal finance is not always common knowledge and although money touches most modern homes, most parents don’t teach their kids about money either. It can be hard to find time in a busy schedule to figure out when and how to adjust your time to set up a proper budget so instead you just decide to live pay check to paycheck because it got your parents by and now it gets you by and that has just always work ed. One day you have to grow up and realize that those consequences ofRead MorePersonal Statement Of A Business993 Words   |  4 PagesWithout this depiction, business owners and accountants may settle on choices that have negative repercussions on their organizations financial standing. A balance sheet is one of a few noteworthy financial statements you can use to track spending and profit. Also called a statement of financial position, a balance sheet demonstrates what your organization claims and what it owes through the date recorded, as Accounting Coach expressed. It shows this data regarding your organization s advantagesRead MorePersonal Statement On Corporate Mission1961 Words   |  8 Pagesfunction, markets and competitive advantages; a short written statement of your business goals and philosophies. A mission statement defines what an organization is, why it exists, and its reason for being. At a minimum, your mission statement should define who your primary customers are, identify the products and services you produce, and describe the geographical location in which you operate. If you don t have a mission statement, create one by writing down in one sentence what the purpose ofRead MorePersonal Statement On Self Care1744 Words   |  7 Pagesto my Clients. I have learned that it’s easy to give recommendations on self-care; however it does not come that easy to follow those recommendations personally. Over the years with the help of wonderful supervisors, I have worked on a plan for my personal care, and have learned to discuss any transfers or counter transference issues that may arise. Within, this plan I have also discussed when I start to get caregivers fatigue, this not only includes when I feel that I am over working myself at workRead MorePersonal Statement On The American Dream899 Words   |  4 PagesThe American dream is a well-known phrase. Working hard is the key to being blissful and successful. My personal â€Å"American Dream† is to be truly prosperous. True happiness for me would include fortunate marriage, my dream career, an impeccable house, and two healthy kids. I heard my aunt say this before and I agree wholeheartedly: â€Å"Everything good in life is worth working for†. In order to attain my American dream I have set goals for myself. My first goal is to have a blissful marriage. A trulyRead MorePersonal Statement On Leadership Activity1446 Words   |  6 Pagesperformed for my personal leadership lab was committing myself to personal training. For this Leadership final project, I personally trained two clients, totaling 4.5 hours. I performed these training sessions on the days of February 17, 20, and 24, 2016. I got into personal training around the time of this project’s beginning. My friend Thomas has been a personal trainer on the side for over a year. I have had a little over two years of workout experience, and he introduced me to the personal training

Mental health and illness Free Essays

The nature of `mental health` and `mental illness` has been described as `contested`. Who are the contestants and what is the contest about? The Mental Illness has always been considered as a contested issue, because this is the only suffering of unfortunate human beings, which is being highly misunderstood. There are different types of mental illnesses that are suffered by human beings, and in each mental illness there are number of complexities involved like social problems, defect in any part of the brain etc. We will write a custom essay sample on Mental health and illness or any similar topic only for you Order Now Psychologists, psychiatrists, doctors and sociologists, who so ever are dealing with the issue of Mental illness are contestants to this issue and advocates their own perceptions like Psychiatrists consider mental illness as a physical state of debilitation and look at it from the social angle, whereas doctors dictates it as a faulty or malfunctioning parts of the brain, such as infections, genetic defects and chemical imbalances within the individual, and neglects the wider social picture which is an ingredient part of illness. How well does the idea of labeling explain what happens to someone who is diagnosed as mentally ill? When a person is diagnosed mentally ill, he or she is labeled., a doctor or practitioner can understand the intensity of his problem and can prescribe the best treatment for him. Thus labeling can be a boon in disguise. Naturally if doctor labeled a person as â€Å"mentally disable†, that means he is considering the symptoms that a person is showing which is typical of mental disorder and can delve upon the problem and chart out the solutions. Critically review the evidence that there is an association between mental health and socio-economic inequality. No doubt there is a deep association between Mental Health and socio economic inequality. Socio economic inequalities lead to high psychiatric morbidity, disability, depression, Schizophrenia.   Studies by the World Psychologist, 2005 October; 4(3): 181–185 on 10,108 adults aged 16-65 resident in private households in the UK reveal that people who had no access to a car had an odds ratio for neurotic disorder of 1.4 (95% CI 1.1-1.7), compared with those who had access to two or more cars. People who rented their homes were also at increased risk of depression (1.3 [1.1-1.5]). These Income inequalities in the western market economies last 20 years had adverse consequences on the mental health of the people. Basically, the inferiority complex is a basic root and cause of this severe problem. Discuss how a family might affect and be affected by one of its members having a psychiatric diagnosis mental illness. Families of the patients suffering from severe psychotic symptoms often suffer from heavy emotional and social strains.   Many households may accept the patients, but the social rejections that are followed can cause serious consequences on the whole family. They can lead to strains of mental illness on a marriage life may also be very devastating. The divource rate is high among people who have depression or bipolar disorder. How might consultation be used to improve the sensitivity of mental health services to different needs? Consultation is a very important means of service delivery for mentally ill child and adolescents.   Consultation can be provided in number of ways: group or individual; fixed session or on demand; clinical-based or area office-based. For psychiatrists, the consultancy service is a very valuable experience. Trainees develop an awareness of the difficulties facing social work staff in difficult cases. The social work team also gains considerable benefit from an informal consultation service, which can improve their skills in further understanding the patient problems.   Through consultation, social workers can go into the depth of the causes of the problems of mentally ill within the family setting. Many people who have mental health problems are socially isolate. What can be done to provide them with informal support and friendship if they want this? The stigma that is attached to the mentally ill patients leads them to be isolated from the Society. Lot can be done for mentally ill patients. They can be, as suggested by World Health Organization (WHO), http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs218/en/ ï‚ ·Ã‚  Ã‚   Openly discussing about the problem of mental illness in the community. ï‚ ·Ã‚  Ã‚   Providing accurate information on the causes, prevalence, course and effects of mental illness ï‚ ·Ã‚   Countering the negative stereotypes and misconceptions surrounding mental illness; ï‚ ·Ã‚   Providing support and treatment services that enable persons suffering from a mental illness to participate fully in all aspects of community life. ï‚ ·Ã‚   Ensuring the existence of legislation to reduce discrimination in the workplace. What are the particular challenges of resettling long-stay mental patients in the community, and what kinds of resource are needed to support them there? 1. Hard to place psychiatric patient due to behavioral/management problems. 2. Difficulty placing patient into the community due to lack of financial resources. 3. How do we take care of the geriatric patient with a psychiatric disorder who becomes combative/disruptive that he is not allowed to remain in secure environments due to the high risk of harm to other patients? RESOURCES NEEDED TO SUPPORT THEM 1. First fix the behavioral problems and poor compliance. 2. The Training centers, employment programs, volunteer options and local clubs should all be part of the life plan of these people. 3. Encourage realistic consideration of work and practical steps in preparation for reintegration, such as enrolment at a day programme. 4. Involve them in any Meaningful occupation such as volunteer work etc. What are the rewards and stresses of work in mental health services? What measures might employing organisations take to reduce the effects of stress on staff and improve their job satisfaction? The biggest reward for the people who are engaged in the mental health services is naturally the one when patient is recovered from mental illness. Besides getting mental satisfaction, they are also reward by the government for their meticulous services like â€Å"Award for Excellence in Community Mental Health Services†, 2006 Public Citizen of the Year award. Thus Government does appreciate these noble souls who are engaged in community welfare programs. HOW THE EMPLOYING ORGANIZATIONS REDUCE THE STRESS OF STAFF: They can reduce the stress of staff by: Effective management structure Clear purpose goals Functionally defined roles Team support Making appropriate plans for stress management Proper management of workload Balanced lifestyle Discuss the view that madness can be a valuable experience if only its value is recognized. Never consider the person who is mad as incompetent, as what he can provide to the Society, no able person can provide. For eg. If a person is disillusioned with the society apathetic attitude, so in his madness he will keep on reflecting and mentioning about what’s wrong in the Society but we ignore his talks, but if we clearly ponder on his talks,   we will realize what role he is playing in giving the best to the Society which no body will ever intend to give. How to cite Mental health and illness, Essay examples

Disputes and Problems at Work

Questions: 1. Evaluate the purpose of Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) and, with particular reference to the services provided by Acas, assess to what extent it is a successful means of resolving disputes outside the formal judicial process? 2. Explain why European Union law takes precedence over domestic law in the United Kingdom? Answers: 1. Alternative dispute resolution rate of success: Introduction: Alternative dispute resolution system is procedure and technique which try to resolve the dispute between parties out of the court (Davidson, 2000). This is more flexible and speedy process than court proceeding. This proceeding has various benefits. In case of dispute relating to employment or dispute between employee and employer it is very effective. Different organizations are now a days very much concern about the Alternative dispute resolution because of its benefits. Generally employees in their contracts include this time of clause to resolve dispute through the arbitration procedure. Normally the negotiation, mediation and arbitration procedures are applied in case of employment related issues. Negation is the best method where two parties shift their stand at least to some extent that the dispute between them can be resolve (Murray et al., 1996). The trade unions performed a critical role in service related matters. Organizations like ACSAS performed very well in settling d ispute between the employer and employee though the alternative dispute resolution system. Dispute resolution for dispute arisen between employee and employer ACAs view: According to this organisation there are several causes for the dispute in the work place. The dispute in work place can be arise between worker with other worker or between worker or manager etc. the main reasons are injustice relating to treatment, insufficiency in training, inadequate work environment, unequal treatment between the employees, harassments, overloaded work pressure etc (Acas.org.uk, 2015). This organize provide some solution that can minimize the problem. The problems can be resolved by appointing manager with sound management power, by encouraging the employees for their good work, reduce the excess work pressure which will enhance the quality , clearly explain the employment contract and specify the dispute resolution forum on that regard. This forum has two different types of services for dispute resolution. First one is individual dispute and second one is collective dispute. Individual dispute means one employee has issue with the employer. For this kind of dis putes Alternative dispute resolution is one of the best solutions. Before going to any employment tribunal it is better to resolve the dispute though mediation or arbitration. It is more cheap and swift procedure and less formal. The conciliation procedure can be done in some stages like prior to file the complaint to the employment tribunal it can be resolved through the conciliation procedure or through other ADR procedure. By this both party can appoint their conciliator with the help of ACAS or like originations. ACAS encourage the party to resolve their dispute through the informal way to dispute resolution (Acas.org.uk, 2015). For individual compliant there are 3 solutions: early conciliation, mediation and arbitration. Mediation is also a very appropriate method in this regard. The parties can appoint a mediator who is an independent person and can help impartially in this situation. One or more mediator can also be appointed and the mediators can consult by themselves and pr onounce solution on the disputed matters. Mediators are well versed with law and expert in the subject matter so they can provide better solution for the dispute. The solution of this mediation procedure is legally binding in nature so therefore parties are bound to maintain the solution incurred from the mediation procedure. The workplace mediation is much helpful in maintaining the relationships and maintaining the work environment (Acas.org.uk, 2015). Different data indicates that 80% of disputes are resolved by the mediation process in the work place. Arbitration is the procedure where an impartial person called arbitrator is appointed to resolve the dispute. The arbitrators are very competent persons to resolve disputes and take compact decision regarding the dispute. The arbitrator will heard bath the side of employees and employers then take the decision in an impartial way. The arbitral award has its binding force towards the parties like court procedure. So arbitration can be the best solution for dispute settlement. In case of collective dispute there are procedure of collective conciliation, mediation and arbitration. Collective dispute means when a group of employees filed a complaint against employer. For collective conciliation generally trade union plays an awesome role in dispute resolution. But maximum cases it was seen that they cant reach to any solution in this regard. It an impartial person is appointed then it gives much more effective ways of dispute resolution. Generally collective arbitration when negation failed between the employer and employees. Arbitration is very speedy trail and ACAS can guarantee it within 21days. Within this period then will provide remedy through arbitration procedure. Collective mediation is a process which is helpful for the organisation to resolve dispute with their employees. An impartial capable third party will listen to the problem and settle the dispute in best possible way. Mediation procedure starts only when the parties are agree to go for medi ation. If they agree voluntarily then the decision of the mediation procedure is binding on them. Case: There was a landmark dispute resolution case through the ACAS in regard to employment related problems. The case was from Thomas Keating ltd. They contact with ACAS for the dispute arising out of the matter relating to annual pay. A collective conciliation service was provided by the institution by very eminent and capable conciliators. Senior staffs and the managers engage in this conciliation procedure and after in the consultation session. After all this the dispute was resolved in an appropriate manner and both the disputing parties are happy. This procedure help a lot to keep the work environment properly and side by side resolve the dispute too. Importance of Alternative Dispute Resolution: There is no doubt that alternative dispute resolution systems are became very important in modern era. Maximum cases relating to workplace issues are resolved by the ADR. The reason is that the organizations dont want to go for the long lasting court procedures. The court procedures are costly too. So employees also interested in ADR. Disputes and litigation generally disrepute the position of the company or organisation, but ADR maintain the confidentiality of the matter. So the companies are interested in resolving dispute through ADR. In maximum cases it was observed that ADR resolved the dispute in such a manner that both the parties are benefited by the decision. Many cases resolved in negotiation stage. Both the parties change their position a little and get the benefit of the settlement of the dispute outside the court. It is obvious that court decisions are more binding in nature but it take lots of time and cost. Alternative Dispute Resolution is a system which helps a lot t o maintain the relation between the employer and employee as well as help to maintain the good work environment. Speedy remedies are always welcomed by all the organizations so it is right to state that in relation to employment related dispute alternative dispute resolution is the best and authentic process to resolve the matters. 2. Supremacy of EU laws: Labor lawof United Kingdom controls the associations surrounded by employees, employer and unions of the employees that are trade union.The workers of UK take pleasure in different employment rights,which are initiated from a variety of Acts, policy and common laws. This comprises the right to least salary that is of 6.50 for every employee who is over the age of 21year as mentioned in theNational Minimum Wage Act 1998 (Lewis, 1986).TheWorking Time Regulations 1998provide the right for having 28 paid holidays, splits from work, and effort to get relief from extremely extended working shifts. ThePensions Act 2008provides the right to be instinctively registered in a basicindustrial allowance after retirement. The Equality Act 2010provides that employees are not unreasonably subjected to discrimination of the basis of their sexual category, social group, sexual preferences, and attitude, believes etc, while employers must surely provide the needs of physically challenged people to resc ue them from social discrimination. Additional than private rights, all the staffs have the right to add their view in regard to pronouncement about their rights all the way throughthe process of collective bargaining. Employees possess the right to take resolution about their policies relating to pension under thePensions Act 2004. In some corporations employees have a right totake part in an election forthe selecting their administrator or managerial people (Collins, Ewing and McColgan, 2012). In company which has more than 50 people must be well informed and look for recommendation about major fiscal developments or complexities.This happens through a increasingly growing quantity ofprofessional gathering must be happened through the request of the staffs. Though, the UK has not so far implementsthese suggestions which are maintained by the EU which specifies to involve that all employees have a vote for their employersboard of directorsbeside shareholders (Davies, 2009). Collective bargainingbetween trade unions an d the company becomes the primary model for contribution at job in UK. TheTrade Disputes Act 1906 legalizes the provision of strike. TheTrade Union and Labor Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992make rule for the establishment of trade unions, right of employees, the state of affairs to be satisfied before strike accomplishment etc (Davies, 2012). Thought in case of labor laws EU laws are similar to UK laws but there are certain differences in this regard. As the above discussion we came to know about the law prevail in the country. EU has some differentiations regarding implementation of rights of employees. Like voting rights regarding the election of directors are not an established principle in the UK domestic laws but it prevails in the EU labor laws. So if this kind of discrepancies arises the law of EU will be taken into consideration (Bercusson, 1996). EU laws are always predominant over the laws of other European country. The members of the European Union state that whenever there are conflicts in laws the EU will prevail. The legal doctrine emerged from the European Court of Justice. InR v Secretary of State for Transport, ex p Factortame Ltd. (R v Secretary of State for Transport, ex p Factortame Ltd, [1990]), case the thecourtstated that judges in the United Kingdom possessed the power to not implement the regulations of parliament where they are in conflict with laws of EU.Some jurist opined thatstate Parliament had willingly took this boundary of its autonomy, and independence. So they are being fully conscious about the fact there must be limitation to their legal powers. According to European Community Law whenever a situation of conflict arises between European Law and domestic law of the member states of the EU, the European law prevails highly over the domestic laws. The case law of Flaminio Costa v ENEL(Flaminio Costa v ENEL, [1964]) is a landmark decision of the European Court of justice, which established the law that in further conflict situations the European Union Law will prevail highly over the Domestic law. Flaminio Costa v ENEL(Flaminio Costa v ENEL, [1964]) The case focused on the Mr. Costa who was an Italian Citizen who owned shares in an electricity company. He refused to pay electricity bill, which amounted to 1925 lire. He was however, sued by the newly created state electricity company for the nonpayment of the remaining amount. The electricity companies change its nationalization. However, the plaintiff demanded that as per the Treaty of Rome and the Italian Constitution the Electricity company could not legally change the nationalization. However, the electricity company notified that as per the statutory interpretation of the European Union law the electricity company did not make any breach of the law. Thus, the case was dismissed and ruled in favor of the electricity company because the court stated that the Italian court had no command over the rulings of the European Union Law. Thus, the EU law is considered supreme even over the provisions and legislations of the national constitutions. After the decision of the case of Flaminio Costa v ENEL (Flaminio Costa v ENEL, [1964]), the English law stated that provided that the European law is subjected to discipline and truth the domestic law cannot be implemented. However, (_) suggested that the EU legislation can be challenged by the domestic state laws. If the domestic law has doubts about the communitys legitimacy on a particular legislative situation then the national law of the European Union will prevail over the state law. Majority of the European Law is legislated by means of the secondary legislation. In thus resect for the implementation of the EU law the EU firstly makes an initial proposal to the member state. The EU, European council and the EU governments and European parliaments before the amendment then debate over the proposal. The implementation and the effect of the law will depend upon the adoption of the law by the member states. Thus, the implementation process of the EU law is very difficult as the negotiation between the 27 countries each with its own priorities and policies and legal systems along with the different provisions of the EU law is time consuming. However, for the international EU law to enter into the context of the national paradigm some legal provisions are required. Certain domestic legislation must be enacted by the national parliament in order for international law to enter into national law. UK in this respect adopts dualist approach to international law and ratifies the international treaties with the help of the domestic law. Thus, UK takes into account the domestic regulations in terms of ratifying the whole process of treaties prevailing within the UK. If the treaties are enacted within the domestic level then the treaties must be incorporated by an act of parliament. With the help of th provisions of the European Community Act 1972, UK adopts the dualist approach in resolving all the case situations by applying both domestic as well as national law. Section 2(4) of this act states norms for the concepts of primacy of the international law over the national or domestic law. The section does not expressly states that European community law is supreme over the domestic law. However, this section states that any enactment that is passed to will be passed in the future will be framed in accordance to the legislations of both national and international laws. However, there are also certain limits of primacy on the degree of enforcement of the European Community law over the domestic law. Hence in many cases the dualist approach will be applied only if the European community law is directly effective in the case scenario. Otherwise, the states are allowed to follow the domestic laws. Thus there will be no conflict of decision over the issues of domestic and community law interpretation. Conclusion: The EU has always the power or position to predominance over the state laws. All the state communities are well versed about the matter that their sovereignty can be restricted if the state law is not according to the law of EU. If any dispute arises then party will get the benefit of EU laws. The laws which are in conflict with EU laws can be invalid in case of any dispute. References org.uk, (2015).Disputes and problems at work | Acas. [online] Available at: https://www.acas.org.uk/index.aspx?articleid=1364 [Accessed 14 Apr. 2015]. Bercusson, B. (1996).European labour law. London: Butterworths. Collins, H., Ewing, K. and McColgan, A. (2012).Labour law. Cambridge [UK]: Cambridge University Press. Davidson, F. (2000).Arbitration. Edinburgh: W. Green. Davies, A. (2009).Perspectives on labour law. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. Davies, A. (2012).EU labour law. Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar Pub. Esping-Andersen, G. and Regini, M. (2000).Why deregulate labour markets?. Oxford [UK]: Oxford University Press. Flaminio Costa v ENEL[1964]ECR p.585. Gutteridge, H. (n.d.).The interpretation and administration of labour laws in England. Hill, R. (1998). The Theoretical Basis of Mediation and Other Forms of ADR: Why They Work.Arbitration International, 14(2), pp.173-184. Lewis, R. (1986).Labour law in Britain. Oxford [Oxfordshire], UK: B. Blackwell. MACPHEE, M., WARDROP, A. and CAMPBELL, C. (2010). Transforming work place relationships through shared decision making.Journal of Nursing Management, 18(8), pp.1016-1026. MANNHEIM, B. (1983). Male and Female Industrial Workers: Job Satisfaction, Work Role Centrality, and Work Place Preference.Work and Occupations, 10(4), pp.413-436. Murray, J., Rau, A., Sherman, E. and Murray, J. (1996).Arbitration. Westbury, N.Y.: Foundation Press. R v Secretary of State for Transport, ex p Factortame Ltd[1990]UKHL p.7. Sentes, R. (1977). Labour Arbitration and the Refusal to Perform Hazardous Work.Relations industrielles, 32(1), p.139.

Applying Ethical Theories Interpreting and Responding

Question: Discuss about the Applying Ethical Theory for Interpreting and Responding. Answer: Introduction Ethical theories refer to those theories that are set aside to systemize, defend and recommend on the concepts of right and wrong conduct. They seek to resolve the questions of human morality. In the field of ICT, there are classical ethical theories that determine the conducts that are needed to ensure that there is proper delivery and good work conduct. These days, most people involve in many ethical issues in information technology (IT). These issues can either be good impact or bad impact to the people especially the youth. Theories like Just Consequentialism are set to ensure that good morals are instilled in the Technology Department (Armstrong, Ketz, Owsen 2003).). As a result I examined ethical issues that all IT professionals need to consider as they go for their duties. The main ethical issues that are most likely to face during our duties include: privacy, ownership, control, accuracy and secuty. Therefore I try to examine the issues, how they affect our duties and the po ssible recommendations that need to be taken to ensure that we deliver our duties as expected. Classical Ethical Theory Ethics remain one of the most vital tools in our daily operations in places of work. Therefore organizations must implement various policies that aim at ensuring security in the ICT sector. Basically there are three ethical theories that aim at providing relevant information on how we need to conduct ourselves during our duties as IT professional. My case study has however specialized in exploring on the two most significant theories to ensure that IT professionals are educated on some of good and bad conduct that they may involve in during their duties. Just Consequentialism is a proposed theory that emphasizes the consequences of policies within the constraints of justice. This theory is a practical theory that approaches the ethical problems of computer and information ethics that holds the consequences of ones conduct as an ultimate basis for the judgment about the right and wrong conduct of an individual. This theory maintains that ethical judgment involve claims about the state of affairs that may be intrinsically good or intrinsically bad. The wrong actions such as cybercrime and privacy violation can be analyzed and then the best balance of good effects of such actions is restored. The idea of intrinsically good morals such maintaining privacy and regulation of internet access need to be maintained. The theory of Just Consequentialism therefore tries to instill the good moral over the intrinsically bad morals in the field of ICT. Cybercrime for example remains one of the intrinsically bad morals that derail the integrity of services that are offered by ICT. The second theory of ethical theory is Deontological theory. This is an important alternative to the Consequentialist theory. It maintains the statement that what one need to do cannot be explained in terms of goodness or badness of consequences (Granitz Loew 2007). Privacy is an issue with both the internal and external implications within our places of work. The information relation to compensation and background data and the personal identification information such as account identifiers need to be maintained and accessed by authorized persons. Security issues have risen in the past leading to mistrust within our places of work as IT professionals. Hackers have found it very easy to hack systems provided they are connected to internet. They use internet protocol address to access users computer and then collect data of the user without his or her knowledge for their own benefit. In the field of banking, online transfer of money has resulted to a lot of complains as a result of loss of money. These are hackers who are able to hack the account of a different user and transfer money to their account. This is an ethical issue that this theory tries to address to ensure that there exists integrity in banking processes. Copyright infringement is another area where ethical issues have emerged both positively and negatively (Pratt 1994). With the gradual increase in the development in music sharing networks, users of IT can easily gain access to such sites and share data with unauthorized people. Such activities become good news to some of users as this will save the cost of downloading music. However in the long run, they may be the ones to lose a lot as such shortcut may be cut down. These two theories have tried to reflect some of the ethical issues that are likely to affect us during our duties as IT users and professionals. Recommendations The aforementioned theories have reflected on some of the ethical issues that are experienced in the field of IT. As a result, my case study has conducted a well searched study to come out with some of the recommendations that army assist in regulation the wrong doing while maintaining the good doing during our duties. We as IT professionals need to ensure that we act as a good example to system users. One of the most significant recommendations that I can make concern security and related issues. Organizations must implement various policies that aim at ensuring security in the ICT sector. Conversely, these policies and controls should be regularly reviewed and reviewed to ensure that they are effective (Pratt James1994). The other appropriate recommendation is that organizations should partner with reputable ICT organizations. In so doing, they will benchmark on their strategies and practices that make them competitive. Conclusion It will be advantageous to people if they use technology ethically. It should be our responsibility to ensure that we deliver the best services and morals to the office and the people we serve. We should not abuse our position. It is imperative to note that ethics in ICT play an instrumental role in shaping how people use technology (Rossouw Van Vuuren 2013). Some of the key issues governed by ethical theories include hacking, cracking, security, violation of privacy and confidentiality and others. As such, all people involved in ICT activities should ensure that they carry themselves as prescribed by the ethical codes and standards. References Armstrong, M. B., Ketz, J. E., Owsen, D. (2003). Ethics education in accounting: Moving toward ethical motivation and ethical behavior.Journal of Accounting Education,21(1), 1-16. Granitz, N., Loewy, D. (2007). Applying ethical theories: Interpreting and responding to student plagiarism.Journal of Business Ethics,72(3), 293-306. Pratt, C. B. (1994). Applying classical ethical theories to ethical decision making in public relations Perrier's Product Recall.Management Communication Quarterly,8(1), 70-94. Pratt, C. B., James, E. L. (1994). Advertising ethics: A contextual response based on classical ethical theory.Journal of Business Ethics,13(6), 455-468. Rossouw, D., Van Vuuren, L. (2013).Business ethics. Oxford University Press.