The Perspective On Abortion From A Utilitarian View

Analyzing the perspective on abortion from a utilitarian view is quite hot and cold. In this we weigh the pros and cons of each situation at hand. â€Å"When there are multiple choices with different utilities, or wen utilities conflict, we should always pick the greatest one.† (Weston p.151) If a person is to decide if a person be executed they must decide, which outcome is the superior one. Killing a man who is possibly innocent or keep them alive but they may not be innocent. In this situation not killing at all outweighs the other options. Think of it this way, it is decided that a person will not be executed and instead spend life in prison. This wouldn’t effect anyone for the fact that they will still be safe from harm from this person. Then if they have the possibility of being innocent everyone can have a clear conscience. If a woman is deciding whether to have an abortion there must be some situations to think about. If a woman is raped she should be allowed to make that decision. Weighing the pros and cons on this life is tricky. A woman could get an abortion and not realize she has aborted an innocent life. This is just the same as executing someone who may be innocent. Innocence becomes a key word. For abortions people claim that it is not life yet and there is no conscious thought. A fetus would be considered an innocent life. A fetus has not yet committed a crime. A fetus has the potential to grow up to be a criminal but it is unknown. Each situation must assess howShow MoreRelatedThe Act Utilitarian Theory And Abortion Essay1265 Words   |  6 PagesThe Act-Utilitarian Theory and Abortion Morgan Romy Stark State College General Overview According to our class text Doing Ethics (Vaughn, Abortion, 2015, p. 163) â€Å"Abortion (also called induced abortion) is the deliberate termination of a pregnancy by surgical or medical (with drugs) means.† Abortion in America is heavily debated in politics, religion, and family values. It seems that abortion strikes people to the core because it challenges your deepest moral beliefs. It’s a matter ofRead MoreThe Moral Justification For Contraceptive Provision Essay1481 Words   |  6 Pagesare more than 15 million girls between the ages of 15 and 19 who give birth every year, with an additional 5 million who have abortions (WHO, 2012). In South Africa alone approximately 5.6% of females aged 14-19 fell pregnant in the year of 2013. To put this into perspective it means 99 000 schoolgirls fell pregnant which approximates to 271 per day. This is an increase from the already high 68 000 adolescents who fell pregnant in the year 2011 (Statistics South Africa, 2014). Wi th all of this combinedRead MoreWhy Abortion Is Permissible? Essay1587 Words   |  7 Pagesthe most widely debated moral issues is abortion, which is defined as the termination of a pregnancy followed by the death of the embryo or fetus. The point of contention on abortion is that we are putting two lives in jeopardy, the mother’s and fetus’ life. Although this issue is highly discussed, debaters, especially opponents, fail to provide explicit and extensive analysis as it is pointed out by Judith J. Thomson in her article ‘‘A Defense of Abortion.† In this article, I will be rehearsingRead MoreAnimal Rights And Utilitarianism1063 Words   |  5 Pagesinterests deserve equal treatment, and guidelines for having interests concern sentience; the ability to experience suffering. Comparing to the ideas of Mill, both are utilitarians and have a similar ideology around interests and moral consideration around the treatment of animals. Singer’s position on not eating meat is based on the utilitarian principle that ethical actions are the ones that create the most pleasure. Therefore, not eating meat would reduce suffering, and increase pleasure. In Singer’sRead MoreThe Moral Issue Of Abortion Essay1134 Words   |  5 PagesThe moral issue that is selected in the essay is about abortion. Abortion a standard ethical issue often discussed in moral philosophy. It is a matter that is raised when talking about issues of the beginning of life. The biggest problem that surrounds this concerns the life of the fetus or the unborn child. On whether it has a right to life or whether the mother of the unborn fetus has a right to terminate it or not. A lot of controversies has surrounded this area of the debate, and it is the basisRead MoreThere Are A Greater Number Of Passings By Premature Births1122 Words   |  5 PagesThere are a greater number of passings by premature births than war setbacks together, now that is something to consider (Abortion Statistics). Premature birth is a dubious subject, with numerous conclusions and substantial focuses. Premature birth is the think end of a pregnancy by surgical or medicinal means ( Vaughn 161). I trust that it isn t right to prematurely end a child since it is alive. Some trust an infant is alive at origination and others following a little while. Whichever way it isRead MoreAbortion1258 Words   |  6 PagesAbortion Ethical issues continue to weigh heavily in the way healthcare is delivered in the United States. Diversity makes the most sensitive issues settle in a grey area, rather than simply black or white. Many believe that abortion is ethically justified, when others believe it is morally wrong. The ethical differences in opinions will be explored in the following paragraphs, analyzing the issue from different perspectives. Yet the act of abortion appears to break the vows of non-maleficenceRead MoreThe Intentional Termination Of A Pregnancy1250 Words   |  5 Pagesheld high controversy for years, and to view it from a philosophical perspective is challenging because different values, characters, and situations have to be accounted for. Utilitarianism takes a more practical stance on the subject, for this view focuses on the maximizing of happiness. On the other hand, virtue ethics holds a high regard for the development of character rather than the mechanics of a deed. I admit that my personal objection to abortion is a strong one, however these philosophicalRead MoreAbortion : An Argument Of Moral Idealism1650 Words   |  7 PagesAbortion is one of the most heavily debated subject matters in the United States today. Most people characterize themselves as either â€Å"pro-life† or â€Å"pro choice† depending on their position of morality. However, others can align themselves more in the middle and judge the morality as an outsider, finding it entirely possible for one to be â€Å"pro-life† but still believe that abortion is immoral. When examining this issue from a utilitarian point of view, one must consider the morality of the actionRead MoreEuthanasi A Controversial Issue Of Abortion1463 Words   |  6 Pagesshould wear a white or blue blouse to work today? Do I want to have toast or milk and cereal for breakfast? What route should I take that will avoid traffic and help me get to work on time?† From the minute we wake up, we a re constantly making decisions on the next step we should take to ensure our wellbeing. Apart from the simplicity of daily activities, many of us have been faced with larger decisions such as what college to attend, what career we want to purse and where we should work after completing

Charlemagne Known as Charles The Great Free Essays

Charlemagne, also known as Charles the Great, became the undisputed ruler of Western Europe, â€Å"By the sword and the cross.† As Western Europe was deteriorating Charlemagne was crowned the privilege of being joint king of the Franks in 768 AD. People of Western Europe, excluding the church followers, had all but forgotten the great gifts of education and arts that they had possessed at one time. We will write a custom essay sample on Charlemagne: Known as Charles The Great or any similar topic only for you Order Now Charlemagne solidly defeated barbarians and kings in identical fashion during his reign. Using the re-establishment of education and order, Charlemagne was able to save many political rights and restore culture in Western Europe. Charlemagne was born in 742 AD, to a very famous and well-known family. Charlemagne†s grandfather was Charles Martel, the man who was responsible for the defeat of the Saracens. Charlemagne was also the eldest son of Betrade and Pepin the Short, the first to become king of the Franks. With the almost full extinction of schools in the 8th century, many historians say that Charlemagne received very little education, but did learn the art of reading from Bertrade. In 768 AD, Charlemagne at the age of 26, along with his brother Carloman inherited the kingdom of Franks. However, in 771 AD Carloman died, making Charlemagne the sole ruler of the kingdom. At this time the northern part of Europe was out of order and unruly. In the south, the Roman Catholic Church was asserting itself alongside the Lombard kingdom in Italy. While in Charlemagne†s own kingdom, the people were becoming and acting as barbarians and neglecting education and faith. But Charlemagne was determined to make his kingdom as strong as possible. In 772 AD, Charlemagne put forth a 30-year campaign to conquer and Christianize the Saxons in the north. He charged over the Avars, a large tribe on the Danube. He forced the Bavarians to surrender to him. When possible Charlemagne attempted to settle his conflicts peacefully. However, he was forced to use brute in some situations. For instance, Charlemagne offered to pay Desiderius for the return of lands to the pope, but after Desiderius refused, Charlemagne seized the kingdom of Desiderius and restored the Papal States. By 800 AD Charlemagne was the sole ruler of Western Europe. His immense kingdom included what are now France, Switzerland, Belgium, and the Netherlands. It also covered half of present-day Italy and Germany, part of Austria, and the Spanish March. This Spanish March stretched to the Ebro River. Through his establishment of a single government over the entire Western Europe, Charlemagne re-established much of the old Roman Empire, which paved the way for the progress of present-day Europe. On Christmas Day in 800 while praying in St. Peter†s Cathedral in Rome, Pope Leo III approached Charlemagne with a golden crown and placed it on the head of the king. The crowd in the church shouted concurrently, â€Å"To Charles the Augustus, crowned by God to be the great and peace-giving emperor of the Romans, life and victory!† Doing this angered the Byzantines because Charlemagne†s prestige and power was equal to the Byzantine emperor. Another problem that arose was that the pope thereafter chose the Roman emperor among the European kings. At the time of Charlemagne†s death in 814 AD only one of his three sons, Louis the Pious was alive. Louis had a weak ruling after his father, which brought on many civil wars and rebellions. As king and emperor, he was very religious and it is said that the role of a monk better suited him than that of the Roman emperor. When Louis the Pious passed away, his three sons broke out in civil war for their father†s empire. In 843, the war ended when Lothair, Charles the Bald, and Louis the German signed the Treaty of Verdun. This pact separated the empire into three separate parts for each of Louis the Pious† sons. After the treaty was signed, the kings† power deteriorated and the government became weak. All of Europe was invaded and pirates and barbarians threatened the land. Charlemagne†s empire began to weaken. How to cite Charlemagne: Known as Charles The Great, Papers

Human Resource Management Alex

Question: Identify and evaluate HRM best practice strategies for managing alcohol and stress in the school. You should make reference to both formal and informal ways that employers might use to deal with this issue? Answer: Introduction In this assignment the case study which is been discussed is regarding a cook named Alex, who is one of the best team member and she follows all the rules of the organization. But for some reason she is not punctual in her organization and along with that she was smelling alcohol, which is totally against the rules of the organization and this will affect the atmosphere of the organization and as the organization is a primary school so it will make a bad impact on the organization as the parents of the students will be having a bad impression on the school which will not be accepted by the organization. The organization has to certain steps which will avoid these types of circumstances taking place in the organization which will affect the environment of the organization. So, in this assignment the legal aspects of an organization will be discussed along with their benefits and preventive measures. Legal Aspects of Health, Safety and Environmental Management System In the case study the chosen character is Alexanda Johnson, cook of a primary school and one of the best employees of the organization. But due to some reasons she was not following the rules of the organization and was behaving in a totally different way which was not at all acceptable by the higher authorities of that school. Alex used to drink alcohol and then she used to come to her workplace. But they were also unable to blame her as they have no proof that she was drinking alcohol and the company also does not have any clear policy about drinking alcohol and then coming to work. The higher authorities were very much impressed with the work of Alex so they do not want to take any action against her. But they want to help her so that she can come out of the addiction and do not drink and come to her work place. The administration and the higher authorities need to implement such rules in their organizations so that other staffs do not get influence from Alex and they also starts following her. So, the organizations have to change or modify some of their rules and policies which the staffs of the organizations need to follow without any fail or else the organization will penalized that staff for breaking the policies of their organization (Parker, and Parker, 2014). The health, safety and the environment are one of the main concerns that the higher authorities need to be concern of so that neither the employees get hurt along with that the environment of the organization also does not gets affected due to any employees. The organization had to modify their rules from time to time along with the new rules that the government of the country will be implementing in their country for the organizations (Kuznetsov, 2011). The health and safety of the employees are the main concern of the organization as if the employees are not healthy and safe then they wont be able to give their 100 % of their work to the organization and this will affect the work of the organiz ation also. Every organization has some special rules are also there so that they can give extra care to their employees about their health and safety. In every organization before sending the employees in any danger prone area the organizations have to make sure about the safety of their employees and there should be no slight chances of getting hurt by any means. The organization makes documents and contracts that if the employee gets hurt while working then the organization will be bearing all the cost of that employee (Yang, and Luo, 2014). The organizations have to maintain all the legal factors also so that no new employee gets ragged by the old employees and they feel unsafe in that organization (Dimond, 2012). In this case study Alex is one of the potential employees of the organization but since few days she was acting totally different and the behavior was not acceptable by their employees for any organization but as Alex is one of the best employees among the staffs worki ng in that primary school and Alex was also one of the hard working employees so the higher authorities was thinking of making her understand all the consequences which may take place before taking any action (Dimond, 2013). Along with all this there is extra pressure on Alex as she had to do double the work because two kitchen staffs are on sick leave and as Alex is one of the potential staff so all the work pressure is also on her and as she is taking all the responsibilities she is getting tired both mentally and physically and for that reason she is getting addicted to alcohol. But getting addicted to alcohol and then coming drunk to her workplace is not at all acceptable by the organization (Viacheslavovna, and Sergeevna, 2015). So, the higher authorities need to understand her situation so that they can understand her problem and help her in whichever way possible (e Silva, and Hurt, 2014). But in the legal policies of that school there was nothing written clearly that if any employee gets drunk and then come to work then what type of punishment that person will be getting. As the school have to look into other matters also that if the parents of the students gets to know that a person who is getting drunk and then coming to the organization for work and not only that she is also cooking the meal of their children then they might not take this in a positive way and this might create a negative impact on the school and also on the staffs working there (Carvalho, and Orford, 2012). So, the organizations have to act accordingly so that the name of their organization also does not gets degrade and the employee of the organization also do not break any rule which may hamper the name and fame of the organization. So, for Alex the higher authorities have to make her understand that she should not do such types of things which will affect the name of the school badly and also the school organization has to make some changes in their legal policies and regulation s in which there will be mentioned that what the organization expects from their employees and which things will not be acceptable by the organization (Bek, and Lista, 2013). Best Practice and Preventive Measures The Legal and health and safety care is one of the important factors which need to be maintained by every organization for their employees and in this the name and fame of the organization will also be involved (Pawde, and Parekh, 2013, October). So, the policies and the regulations which the organization will be implementing in their company also need to be followed by the employees so that the decorum of organization is maintained. The organization will have to take certain actions against Alex but as she is a hard working employee of the organization so before taking any legal action against her she need to be warned but then also she does not change herself then she will have to face the legal actions which the organization will be taking against her. The legal actions adopted by the organizations have their benefits as if the organizations do not bind themselves with the legal policies then the employee will work totally according to their wish and they will not think about the problems and then the organization will have to handle all the problems. So, the organization need to implement some legal rules which will keep the environment of the organization positive and the employees who does not involve themselves in any problem they will also get a positive energy working in the organization(Borisova, 2013). Like in the case study though Alex is a hard working employee but if the organization does not take any actions against her drinking and then coming to the organization for this will give other employees to take steps which will not be acceptable by the organization. As the organization does not have any proof of her drinking and coming to work and also the organization has also not implemented any law that no worker cant drink and then come for their work so they are unable to prove Alex guilty and take any further steps (Dimond, 2011). But if the school had implemented the law before then based on that they could have taken steps which will help to k eep the environment of the organization positive and motivate the workers and will also prevent other workers from taking any steps which will affect the environment of the organization Borisova, 2013). So, the organizations need to adopt the best practices which will keep themselves positive and along with that they also need to have fixed work for their work like as Alex is capable of handling a lot of responsibilities and for that mostly the work pressure is on her and this is making her mentally and physically tired so the organization also have to keep all these in their mind they divide the work pressure within their employees so that the work pressure does not stress one single employee (Antonov, and à Ã‚ §Ãƒ Ã‚ µÃƒâ€˜Ã‚ Ãƒâ€˜Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ãƒ Ã‚ ½Ãƒ Ã‚ ¾Ãƒ Ã‚ ², 2014). The best practice and the best preventive measure adopted by an organization will keep the environment of the organization healthy and will also motive their employees to give their best without breaking any ru le of the organization (Howard, 2013). So, to change this habit of Alex they need to talk with Alex and warn her so that she can change herself and also she need to be told that if she continues this habit of hers then the organization will have to take certain actions against hers as this habit of hers is making a bad impact on other employees working there (Gandapur, and Khan, 2013). Recommendations In this case study the main thing is the legal aspects which every organization need to maintain so that there is no illegal issues which may harm the name of the organization. So, it can be recommended to the organizations that they need to update all their policies and regulations from time to time with the modern time so that all their employees stay safe and healthy and the environment of the organization also remains positive which will give the employees an extra energy to work better and good mood and will help them to give their best to their organization. In case of the case study discussed in this assignment if any organization face these types of employees like Alex, who is one of the potential employee and for that they are unable to take any steps against her as they do not have any proof to take any action against her. Along with that the organization also does not have any law regarding drunken people coming to work. So, the organization has to be updated with all type s of rules which will they can use in their organization whenever it is required so that all the employees remain safe and healthy and the environment also remains good. Conclusion In a nutshell it can be said that legal factors is one of the important factors which every organization has to maintain both externally and internally be it in the domestic country or in the international country. Legal issues is one of those factors if they are not being followed then it will create a bad impression for the organization. The organization have to look into all the factors that their organization and also the employees working in their organization are not breaking any rule along with that they are also not breaking any rule of the organization. So, the higher authorities also have to make Alex understand that she is breaking the rules and this may affect other employees and they also start breaking the rule which will not be acceptable by the organization. So, after giving a warning to Alex the organization will have to take some actions if she does not change herself to keep the environment of the organization healthy. References Gandapur, S. B., Qureshi, M. A., Qureshi, M. I., and Khan, W. (2013). Legal Aspects of Teaching Stress.Journal of Literature, Languages and Linguistics,2, 12-19 Borisova, T. Y. (2013). HOW TO BALANCE INTERESTS: COMPARATIVE LEGAL ASPECTS ON THE LIMITATION OF COPYRIGHT IN INTERNATIONAL LAW.Foresight. Antonov, M., Polyakov, A., and à Ã‚ §Ãƒ Ã‚ µÃƒâ€˜Ã‚ Ãƒâ€˜Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ãƒ Ã‚ ½Ãƒ Ã‚ ¾Ãƒ Ã‚ ², à Ã‹Å". à Ã¢â‚¬ º. (2014). Communicative Approach and Legal Theory.Rechtstheorie,45(1), 1-18 Pawde, C., and Parekh, R. (2013, October). A Discussion of the HSE Aspects of Carbon Dioxide Sequestration. InSPE Asia Pacific Oil and Gas Conference and Exhibition. Society of Petroleum Engineers. Bek, M., Bugra, A., Hjalmarsson, J., and Lista, A. (2013). Future availability of flood insurance in UK: A report on legal aspects of the solutions adopted in Australia, Iceland, the Netherlands, New Zealand and Turkey, with conclusions Dimond, B. C. (2011).Legal aspects of occupational therapy. John Wiley and Sons. Howard, G. S. (2013). Legal aspects of fitness for work.Fitness for Work: The Medical Aspects, 21. e Silva, G. F. B. L., and Hurt, R. (2014). Use of analytical hierarchy process and control banding to improve safety management of carbon nanomaterials. Carvalho, S., Reeves, M., and Orford, J. (2012).Fundamental Aspects of Legal(Vol. 19). Andrews UK Limited Dimond, B. (2012).Legal Aspects of Medicines 2nd Edition(Vol. 8). Andrews UK Limited. Dimond, B. (2013).Legal Aspects of Health and Safety(Vol. 1). Andrews UK Limited Viacheslavovna, K. E., and Sergeevna, K. O. (2015). Russia Introduces Integration Examination for Migrants: Some Legal Aspects.Review of European Studies,7(3), p15. Parker, W., Parker, V., Parker, G., and Parker, A. (2014). Acoustic shock: A new occupational disease? Observations from clinical and medico-legal practice.International journal of audiology,53(10), 764-769. à Ã¢â‚¬Å"à Ã‚ °Ãƒ Ã‚ ²Ãƒâ€˜Ã¢â€š ¬Ãƒ Ã‚ ¸Ãƒ Ã‚ »Ãƒ Ã‚ ¾Ãƒ Ã‚ ², à Ã‚ ­. à Ã… ¸. (2013). HOW TO BALANCE INTERESTS: COMPARATIVE LEGAL ASPECTS ON THE LIMITATION OF COPYRIGHT IN INTERNATIONAL LAW.à Ã… ¸Ãƒ Ã‚ °Ãƒâ€˜Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ãƒ Ã‚ µÃƒ Ã‚ ½Ãƒâ€˜Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ãƒâ€˜Ã¢â‚¬ ¹ à Ã‚ ¸ à Ã‚ »Ãƒ Ã‚ ¸Ãƒâ€˜Ã¢â‚¬  Ãƒ Ã‚ µÃƒ Ã‚ ½Ãƒ Ã‚ ·Ãƒ Ã‚ ¸Ãƒ Ã‚ ¸, (2), 4-10. Kuznetsov, S. (2011). Legal aspects of transferring some state powers to municipal administration.Public administration issues, (3), 117-124 Yang, J., and Luo, D. (2014). The development of corporate responsibility practices in Chinese petroleum enterprises.International Journal of Innovation and Sustainable Development,8(2), 207-216.

National Income Determinants and the Economy of Ghana free essay sample

Real national income refers to the current year production of goods and service valued at base year prices. In estimating national income, only productive activities are included in the computation of national income. In addition, only the values of goods and services produced in the current year are included in the computation of national income. Hence, gains from resale are excluded but the services provided by the agents are counted. Similarly, transfer payments are excluded as there is income received but no good or service produced in return. However, not all goods and services from productive activities enter into market transactions. Hence, imputations are made for these non-marketed but productive activities e. g. imputed rental for owner-occupied housing. Thus, national income refers to the market value or imputed value of additional goods and services produced and services performed in the current period. GDP, GNP, NDP and NNP National income in many countries are either in Gross Domestic Product (GDP) or Gross National Product (GNP). We will write a custom essay sample on National Income Determinants and the Economy of Ghana or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Gross Domestic product (GDP) refers to the total value of goods and services produced within the geographical boundary of a country before the deduction of capital consumption. Net Domestic product (NPD) refers to the total value of goods and services produced within the geographical boundary of a country after the deduction of capital consumption. Gross National Product (GNP) refers to the total value of goods and services produced by productive factors owned by residents of the country both inside and outside of the country before the deduction of capital consumption. Net National Product (NNP) refers to the total value of goods and services produced by productive factors owned by residents of the country both inside and outside of the country after the deduction of capital consumption. Relationship between GDP and GNP GNP = GDP + NPIFA (Net Property Income from Abroad) Net Property Income from abroad refers to the difference between income from abroad and income to abroad. Measurement of National Income There are 3 approaches to measure national income i. e. output approach, income approach and expenditure approach Output Approach Output approach measures national income by adding the total value of the final goods and services produced in the year or by adding the value added by each sector of the economy. Where Value added refers to the difference between the value of gross output of all goods and services produced in a given period and the value of intermediate inputs used in the production process during the same period. In distributive trade, value added is the difference between the gross margin and the cost of intermediate inputs. In the banking sector, value added is the difference between the sum of actual and imputed bank service charges and intermediate inputs. For government services and non-profit institutions, value added is the wages and salaries, and depreciation allowance set aside for consumption of fixed capital. The output approach consists of the sum of value added by each sector in the economy i. e. Agriculture and Fishing, Quarrying, Manufacturing, Utilities, Construction, Commerce, Transport and Communication, Financial and Business Services. Income Approach Income approach measures national income by adding the income earned by the factor owners that are residents of the country, undistributed company profits and government income from economic participation. It excludes transfer payments and stock appreciation because transfer payments and stock appreciation are not due to goods and services performed. Value Added and Contributions to a nation’s GDP * There are three main wealth-generating sectors of the economy – manufacturing and construction, primary (including oil gas, farming, forestry fishing) and a wide range of service-sector industries. This measure of GDP adds together the value of output produced by each of the productive sectors in the economy using the concept of value added. . Value added is the increase in the value of goods or services as a result of the production process Value added = value of production value of intermediate goods Say you buy a pizza from Dominos at a price of ? 10. This is the retai l price and will count as consumption. The pizza has many ingredients at different stages of the supply chain – for example tomato growers, dough, mushroom farmers and also the value created by Dominos as they put the pizza together and deliver to the consumer. Some products have a low value-added, for example cheap tee-shirts that you might find in a supermarket for little more than ? 5. These are low cost, high volume, low priced products. Other goods and services are such that lots of value can be added as we move from sourcing the raw materials through to the final product. Examples include jewelry designer, perfumes, meals in expensive restaurants and sports cars. And also the increasingly lucrative computer games industry.